![]() ![]() But Samsung isn’t on today’s official list, so TikTok’s parent ByteDance is the sole non-U.S. Seven tech giants - Alphabet/Google, Apple, Amazon, ByeDance/TikTok, Meta/Facebook, Microsoft and Samsung - had said they expected to be subject to the regime. That accord followed lengthy negotiations between the European Parliament and Council on the Commission’s late 2020 proposal to reform its approach to digital competition. The regulation technically started to apply in May, after the final details had been agreed by EU lawmakers earlier this year. Other gatekeeper criteria include a turnover of €7.5 billion+ in the last three financial years and a market capitalization that exceeds €75BN, although the Commission has a degree of discretion in making designations to ensure the law is able to target platforms that look set to gain an “entrenched and durable” position in the “near future”. ![]() The DMA takes a proactive approach to competition concern once a certain threshold of market power is achieved - including giants having 45 million+ active local users. Here’s the full breakdown: Four social networks (TikTok, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn) six “intermediation” services (Google Maps, Google Play, Google Shopping, Amazon Marketplace, iOS App Store, Meta Marketplace) three ADS, or ads delivery systems (Google, Amazon and Meta) two browsers (Chrome, Safari) three operating systems (Google Android, iOS, Windows PC OS) two N-IICS, or Number-Independent Interpersonal Communication Service in the regulatory jargon, (WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger) one search engine (Google) and one video sharing platform (YouTube). The Commission says a total of 22 core platform services operated by the six gatekeepers have been designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA). The six so-called “gatekeepers” are: Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta and Microsoft. The European Union has named six tech giants whose market power it hopes to rein in by applying a new set of proactive, pro-competition rules on how these gatekeepers can operate designated “core platform services”. ![]()
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